Award register

MA000028CurrentAgriculture and primary industries

Horticulture Award

The Horticulture Award is one of the most practical and technical modern awards for small business owners. The hardest areas are usually coverage in mixed farming businesses, making sure new workers progress out of Level 1 on time, and setting lawful piece rates before the season starts rather than trying to fix them later.

Consolidated through
1 July 2026
Source checked
1 August 2026
Official source
Current award

01Who this award covers

This award can apply to horticultural crop work and connected land preparation work, but it also has several important industry exclusions. It is not a catch-all farm award, so mixed businesses need to be careful.

Businesses and work usually covered

  • Sowing, planting, raising, cultivating, harvesting and picking horticultural crops
  • Washing, packing, storing, grading, forwarding or treating horticultural crops
  • Clearing, fencing, trenching, draining or otherwise preparing land in connection with those horticultural activities
  • On-hire employees performing covered horticulture work
  • Group training arrangements for trainees in horticulture

When another award or arrangement may apply

  • The wine industry
  • Silviculture and afforestation
  • Sugar farming or sugar cane growing, sugar milling, sugar refining, sugar distilleries and sugar terminals
  • Work in or in connection with cotton growing or harvesting, cotton ginneries and associated depots, cotton oil mills and extraction of oil from seed
  • Plant nurseries
  • Employees excluded from award coverage by the Fair Work Act
  • Employees covered by a modern enterprise award or enterprise instrument, and their employers in relation to those employees

02Roles and classifications

The award contains classification levels that connect an employee's duties, skills and responsibility to a minimum rate. Common role descriptions include:

  • Level 1 new employees
  • Fruit or vegetable pickers, thinners and pruners
  • Employees sorting, packing or grading produce with minimal judgment
  • Employees operating small towing tractors during harvest
  • Level 2 employees with at least the required industry experience
  • Pieceworkers
  • Leading hands

A familiar job title is only a starting point. Match the employee's real duties against the classification definitions and keep a written record of the level selected.

03Rules employers need to check

Check the Operation Against the Horticulture Definition

cl 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4-4.7

Do the industry mapping first. Many disputes in this award start because the business assumed every farm activity sat under horticulture.

  • Check the business activity against the horticulture definition, especially where the operation mixes crop work with vineyards, nurseries or other excluded sectors.
  • The award can cover both crop work and connected land preparation work such as clearing, fencing, trenching and draining.
  • The list of exclusions matters. Plant nurseries, wine industry work, cotton related work, sugar operations and silviculture are all carved out.
  • On-hire and group training arrangements can still be covered if the underlying work is in the horticulture industry as defined.

Review Classification Progression

cl 12, Schedule A

A new seasonal worker and a more experienced hand should not automatically be treated the same way under this award. The progression point matters.

  • Employees must be classified using Schedule A, not just a label like picker or packer.
  • Level 1 is an induction and new employee level. Schedule A requires progression to Level 2 after no more than the stated industry experience period.
  • The indicative duties at Levels 1 and 2 include picking, thinning, pruning, labouring, basic recording work, packing and grading, and small towing tractor work during harvest.
  • Level 2 assumes more experience and a wider task range with limited discretion.

Use the Correct Hours Model

cl 10.3-10.4, 11.1-11.4, 13.1-13.3

Rosters under this award depend on whether the employee is hourly, casual or shiftwork. One template will not suit every horticulture workforce.

  • Part-time employees must be told their ordinary hours and starting and finishing times, and time above the mutually arranged hours is overtime.
  • Casual employees have their own minimum engagement and casual loading rules.
  • For full-time and part-time employees other than shiftworkers, ordinary hours are averaged under the award's roster cycle rules.
  • Saturday ordinary hours, extended spread of hours and longer ordinary days all depend on the required agreement mechanism.

Set Piece Rates Properly

cl 15.2, Schedule H

Piece rates are not a shortcut around compliance. They are one of the most technical parts of this award and should be checked before each season starts.

  • Piece rates need careful design. The benchmark is the average productivity of a competent pieceworker, and the fixed rate must let that worker earn more than the relevant hourly rate under the award.
  • If a pieceworker does extra non-piecework, that work must be paid at the hourly rate.
  • Pieceworkers sit outside the ordinary hours and overtime clauses identified in clause 15.2.
  • Use a proper piecework record for each pieceworker.

Pick Up Travel Time and Allowances

cl 18.2-18.3

Travel time and allowance coding matter in horticulture because duties, weather and work locations can change quickly during a season.

  • Allowances can materially change outcomes. The award includes leading hand, wet work, first aid and travel-related entitlements.
  • Where an employee is required to travel from one place to another, the time occupied in travelling can count as time worked under the award.
  • Allowances need to be separately identified in payroll records and payslips.

Keep NES and Payroll Rules Separate

cl 3, 15.2, 18.1

Keep the award, the NES and payroll coding separate. Informal harvest practices often blur those lines and create avoidable disputes.

  • The NES continue to operate alongside the award.
  • Piecework arrangements do not displace the need to comply with the parts of the award that still apply to pieceworkers.
  • Payroll should keep hourly work, piecework and allowances separate so later checking is possible.

04Pay rates, penalties and allowances

The safest way to check a current rate is to start with the employee's classification, employment type and working pattern, then use Fair Work's current pay guide or Pay and Conditions Tool. Rates can change after an Annual Wage Review or an award variation.

05Common workplace examples

Berry Picking on Piece Rates

A berry farm can use piece rates, but the employer still has to fix the rate so that a competent pieceworker earns more than the relevant hourly rate under the award. That check should be done before the season starts, not after complaints are raised.

Mixed Orchard and Vineyard Operation

If a business runs both an orchard and a vineyard, the orchard work may point toward this award while the wine industry is excluded. The safest approach is to review the different workstreams separately rather than assume one answer covers the whole business.

Seasonal Worker Reaching the Progression Point

A new worker doing picking, packing and pruning should not stay at Level 1 indefinitely. Schedule A requires progression once the employee reaches the stated industry experience point.

06Recent changes to this award

PR799280, PR799309, PR799466

The current consolidated award incorporates these recent variation determinations. Use the consolidated wording when checking any affected clause, schedule, rate or allowance.

Affected: 15 - Minimum rates, 18 - Allowances, Schedule B - Summary of Hourly Rates of Pay, Schedule C - Summary of Monetary Allowances, Schedule D - Supported Wage System

07What to do next

  1. 01Map every crop or land activity you run against clauses 4.2 and 4.3 before assuming the award applies across the whole business.
  2. 02Track when each new employee reaches the Schedule A progression point so Level 1 movement is not missed.
  3. 03Use separate payroll logic for hourly employees, pieceworkers and shiftworkers.
  4. 04Before harvest, test every piece rate against the competent pieceworker benchmark in clause 15.2.
  5. 05Check whether any majority agreement is needed before you roster Saturday ordinary hours, extend the spread or go beyond the standard daily ordinary hours limit.
  6. 06Make sure travel between work locations, wet work and leading hand duties are being picked up as paid time or allowance issues where required.

08Common questions

Does this award cover plant nursery work?

No. Clause 4.3 says the horticulture industry does not include plant nurseries, so nursery work needs a separate award check.

Can a piece rate be set at any level as long as workers agree?

No. Clause 15.2 requires the employer to fix a piece rate so that a competent pieceworker earns more than the relevant hourly rate under the award. Agreement alone is not enough.

When is a pieceworker treated as competent at a task?

Clause 15.2 says a pieceworker is treated as competent at the task once the award's task-experience threshold has been met.

Do the ordinary hours and overtime clauses apply to pieceworkers?

No. Clause 15.2 says the ordinary hours and overtime clauses identified there do not apply to a pieceworker in the same way they apply to hourly employees.

Can a new picker stay at Level 1 for as long as the employer wants?

No. Schedule A says a Level 1 employee progresses to Level 2 after no more than the stated industry experience period, so payroll should not leave new starters at Level 1 indefinitely.

Official sources and related help

This guide is general information, not legal advice. Modern award coverage and classification depend on the facts. Check the current official award and get advice for your business before relying on this page.

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