EOFY Sale · Save up to $750 off your legals · Ends 30 June

Claim offer
Selected cases

Federal Court of Australia · [2026] FCA 130

Australian Agrivision v Wolstenholme

A Federal Court finance case about urgent bridging loans, personal guarantees, adverse-event defaults and judgment against guarantors.

Federal Court of Australia20 Feb 2026

Plain-English explainers, not legal advice. Check the linked official source before you rely on a specific section, and get advice for your situation.

Get legal help

Start here

Quick read

  • Personal guarantees and urgent bridging finance can create brutal exposure.
  • A Federal Court finance case about urgent bridging loans, personal guarantees, adverse-event defaults and judgment against guarantors.

Use this to check

  • A personal guarantee can make founders or directors liable for a company debt.
  • Adverse-event clauses may allow early default if the lender reasonably and honestly forms the required opinion.
  • Urgent bridging finance should be reviewed before the deadline pressure takes over.

Decision snapshot

  1. 1

    What happened

    • B&T Investment Group needed funding to exercise a call option over ACT property with a $32.5 million purchase price.
    • On the day before the call option expired, Capital Bridging Finance entered a short-term loan agreement with B&T Investment.
    • The total loan was about $5.19 million and included a $1.5 million application fee, legal fees and brokerage.
    • The concessional interest rate was 3 percent per month.
  2. 2

    What the court had to decide

    • The Federal Court had to decide whether two guarantors were liable for an assigned loan debt, including whether alleged misrepresentations, authority issues, bad faith, default defects, settlement offers or abuse-of-process arguments defeated the guarantee claim.
  3. 3

    What the court decided

    • The Court entered judgment against the guarantors jointly and severally for $2,886,842 and ordered them to pay the applicant's costs.
    • Liberty to apply was granted for seven days to correct any calculation error in the judgment sum.

Practical impact

Practical read

  • Personal guarantees and urgent bridging finance can create brutal exposure.
  • Directors, founders and property operators should not sign guarantees unless they understand default triggers, adverse-event clauses, receivership rights and how quickly the debt can be called in.

Useful next steps

  • A personal guarantee can make founders or directors liable for a company debt.
  • Adverse-event clauses may allow early default if the lender reasonably and honestly forms the required opinion.
  • Urgent bridging finance should be reviewed before the deadline pressure takes over.
  • Oral promises are hard to prove if the documents and email trail point the other way.
  • Borrowers should keep finance offers, authority records and completion plans in writing.

Practical read

This case reads like a cautionary story about urgent finance. A company needed bridging finance to preserve a property opportunity. The loan was expensive, fast and heavily documented. The guarantors later tried to resist liability by raising alleged representations, authority issues, bad faith, defects in default, rejected offers and abuse of process. The Court still entered judgment against them.

The Court accepted that the lender's adverse-effect opinion had to be genuinely held and, in this context, reasonably and honestly held. But on the evidence, the lender had a proper basis for concern about the borrower's ability to secure the remaining funding and complete the purchase. The Court did not accept the alleged oral funding representations, and it treated the nominated contact and email trail as important evidence of authority and knowledge.

For small businesses, the lesson is to slow down before signing urgent finance documents, even when the commercial deadline feels impossible. A guarantee can turn a company finance problem into a personal judgment. If the loan has high fees, high monthly interest, adverse-event default language, receivership rights and personal guarantees, the business should get the finance plan, default triggers and exit options reviewed before settlement.

Checks to run

Key points

  • Read guarantee and indemnity documents separately from the main loan agreement.
  • Identify every event of default and adverse-effect trigger before signing.
  • Record who has authority to negotiate finance for the company.
  • Keep written evidence of any promises about future funding or settlement support.
  • Model the debt if default interest, fees and receivership costs are triggered.

Key takeaways

  • A personal guarantee can make founders or directors liable for a company debt.
  • Adverse-event clauses may allow early default if the lender reasonably and honestly forms the required opinion.
  • Urgent bridging finance should be reviewed before the deadline pressure takes over.
  • Oral promises are hard to prove if the documents and email trail point the other way.
  • Borrowers should keep finance offers, authority records and completion plans in writing.

Related topics

How Sprintlaw can help